Preliminary Decisions for Configuring a CONTAM Simulation Scenarios

Decision 1 - Determine the purpose of the simulation and the code to be applied


Decision 2 - Determination of the conditions just before the fire

- Ambient temperature/atmospheric pressure conditions

- Determine the temperature conditions of the building's interior compartments (just before the fire)

- Outside wind conditions

- Select fire floor/occurrence zones and set fire floor conditions

- NFPA Fire Scenarios and Toxicants

- Evacuee conditions: evacuee density, age (to calculate evacuation start and finish times)


Decision 3 - Determine facilities operating conditions


Decision 4 - Determine whether sprinklers are operating normally or not


Decision 5 - Determine whether or not to simulate the passage of time(Steady state or Transient)


Decision 6 - Determine the leakage volume flow rate of airflow paths


Decision 7 -Determine the maximum allowable differential pressure design criteria for doors along the evacuation route


Decision 8 -Determine the minimum allowable pressure differential design criteria


Decision 9 -Determine the design direction of zoned smoke control system - amount of smoke generated


Decision 10 -Determine the reliability of the 'Smoke Control Equipment calculation sheets'


Decision 11 - Determine the scenarios to simulate




* Back to Main Procedures : General COMTAM Simulation Procedure for Pressure differential system(Mainly High-rise building) (contamsmulationlab.blogspot.com)



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CONTAM simulation results of ‘Neutral zone position control type pressure differential system’

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 I conducted a simulation of applying 'Neutral zone position control type pressure differential system' to a tall building in South Korea. 1. Building overview It is a tall building consisting of parking lots (B7F~B1F), commercial facilities(1F~2F), and apartment complexes (3F~43F, 6 households/floor), and has a structure in which one corridor in the center is connected to the 9 vertical shafts. The parking lots on each floor are connected to each other through vehicle ramps. Figure 1 - Basement floor Figure 2 - 3rd floor 2. Overview of 'Neutral zone position control type pressure differential system'    - Installation of 9 dampers connecting each of the 9 vertical shafts and the parking lot on the first basement floor (See Figure 1).    - Installation of 9 dampers connecting each of the 9 vertical shafts and outdoor air on the rooftop. 3. Scenario conditions    - Scenario common conditions (cold weather, dawn): outside temperature -10.4℃, atmospheric pressure 100,499 P
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Evacuation strategies, 'Stay Put' vs 'Simultaneous Evacuation'

Q(Eam Taekyoung) : Evacuation strategies in the event of fire may change as the situation changes. However, basically, it seems necessary to understand that the Stay put strategy is an appropriate strategy to use when all three conditions below are met. 1. The building is designed to be fire-resistant, so each floor or apartment can be isolated from fire for a certain period of time. 2. Supply pressure smoke suppression equipment that protects the evacuation route from smoke infiltration is not installed. 3. Fire brigade can arrive quickly. A(ChatGPT 4) : In the context of fire safety and evacuation strategies, the "Stay Put" policy is indeed a strategy that is employed under specific conditions, primarily in certain high-rise buildings. This approach is based on several key factors: 1. Fire-Resistant Design: Buildings that are suitable for a "Stay Put" strategy are typically designed with fire-resistant materials and structures. Each floor or apartment is construct
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A case where a fire on a high floor resulted in casualties on a lower floor? Q (Research Institute): Are there any cases around the world where smoke from a fire on the upper floor of a high-rise building spread to the lower floor? A(chatGPT): There have been several cases around the world where smoke spread from upper floors of high-rise buildings to lower floors. These incidents provide important lessons in many areas, including building design, fire safety standards, and evacuation planning. For example, the 2017 Grenfell Tower fire in London is one such example, where the fire quickly spread throughout the building, causing many casualties. This incident highlighted the safety of building materials, the importance of fire response systems, and the importance of evacuation plans in high-rise buildings. Another example is the 2010 Shanghai apartment fire in Shanghai. The fire broke out during construction, and flames and smoke quickly spread to the upper floors of the building, causi
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